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White Horse surrenders
April 19, 1875
On this day in 1875, Kiowa
chief White Horse (Tsen-tainte) and a group of followers surrendered at
Fort Sill, Indian Territory. White Horse had gained considerable
notoriety during the early 1870s for his raids on Texas settlements, and
was considered the "most dangerous man" among the Kiowas. He
participated in the Warren wagontrain raid in May 1871 and in the second
battle of Adobe Walls in June 1874. He was also present in September
1874 at the battle of Palo Duro Canyon, which apparently convinced him
that further resistance was futile. White Horse was among those singled
out by Kicking Bird for incarceration at St. Augustine, Florida. He died
of a stomach ailment in 1892 and was buried on the reservation near
Fort Sill.
Texas Industrial Congress founded
April 19, 1910
On this day in 1910, the
Texas Industrial Congress was organized at San Antonio. This
nonpolitical, nonpartisan, and nonsectional organization sought the
development of Texas resources in agriculture, commerce, and industry.
With the slogan "Equal Rights to All; Special Privileges to None," it
proposed to work for legislation to develop Texas resources, to correct
misimpressions about the state, and to encourage homeseekers and
investors to move here. Annual conventions were proposed to discuss
state welfare and outline action. As a result of the 1915 depression
that followed the outbreak of World War I, the Industrial Congress
sponsored a "Buy It Made in Texas" movement, which combated unemployment
and encouraged manufacture. By 1917 this movement resulted in
legislation allowing corporations to make contributions to commercial
organizations. The influence of the Industrial Congress dwindled with
the development of regional chambers of commerce.
West Texas Historical Association organized in Abilene
April 19, 1924
On this day in 1924, the
West Texas Historical Association was organized at the Taylor County
Courthouse in Abilene. The organization was the brainchild of Royston
Campbell Crane Sr., the son of former Baylor University president
William Carey Crane. Crane and six Abilene residents, including R. N.
Richardson, Laura J. D. Scarborough, and William C. Holden, signed the
call for the organizational meeting. In 1925 the association,
headquartered at Hardin-Simmons University in Abilene, began publication
of its annual Year Books, which have included scholarly
articles, memoirs, documents, book reviews, and other miscellaneous
pieces. The association has grown from twenty-four members in 1924 to
several hundred.
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posted - 4.19.2012 - The Texas State Historical Association
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